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What is a Data Structure

 

Q) What is a Data Structure?

  • A data structure is a way of organizing the data so that the data can be used efficiently.
  • Different kinds of data structures are suitable to different kinds of applications.
  • Example- compiler usually use hash tables to look up identifiers.

Q) What is a linear and non-linear data structure?

  • Linear:
    • A data structure is said to be linear if its elements from a sequence or a linear list
    • Example- Array, Linked list.
  • Non-linear:
    • A data structure is said to be non-linear if the traversal of nodes is nonlinear in nature.
    • Example- Graphs and Trees.

Q) What is a Linked List and What are its types?

  • A linked list is a linear data staructure (like arrays) where each element is a separate object.
  • Each element (that is node) of a list is comprising of two items- the data and a reference to the next node.
  • Types of Linked List:
    • Singly Linked List:
      • Every node stores address or reference of next node in list and the last node has next address or reference as NULL.
      • Example 1->2->3->4->NULL. 

    • Doubly Linked List:
      • Two references associated with each node, One of the reference points to the next node and one to the previous node.
      • Example NULL<-1<->2<->3->NULL.
    • Circular Linked List:
      • All nodes are connected to form a cirle. There is no NULL at the end.
      • A circular linked list can be a singly circular linked list or doubly circular linked list.
      • Example 1->2->3->1[The next pointer of last node is pointing to the first]

Note:
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